Infections

General

Pediatric infectious diseases - See large number of links in UpToDate.

Pediatric infectious diseases, immunization, and examination of children adopted from abroad – See a number of links to handbook type texts in the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Pediatric infectious diseases with acute/emergency presentation and/or course - See a number of links to handbook type texts in the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Bacterial infection

Acute laryngitis («false croup») - Acute laryngitis («false croup»)

Acute otitis media - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Acute tracheobronchitis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Acutely febrile children – evaluation of - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Arthritis – bacterial: Clinical features and diagnosis - From UpToDate.

Arthritis - bacterial: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbiology - From UpToDate.

Arthritis - bacterial: Treatment and outcome - From UpToDate.

Arthritis – septic/bacterial - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Atopic eczema – infected - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”) - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”), diagnosis of - From UpToDate.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”), clinical manifestations - From UpToDate.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”), treatment - From UpToDate.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”) - From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Contains a number of useful links.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”) CME - From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Contains several useful links.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”) Video – introduction. A 4:30 min (mostly) “talking head” video from the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center.

Borreliosis (“Lyme disease”) Video - signs and symptoms. A 4 min (mostly) “talking head” video from the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center.

Bullous impetigo - Brief text with several pictures from DermIS.

Cervical lymphadenitis: Diagnostic approach and initial management - From UpToDate.

Cervical lymphadenitis: Etiology and clinical manifestations - From UpToDate.

Empyema and other pleural effusions - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Endocarditis – infectious - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Epiglottitis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Erysipelas - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Fever without a source in children 3 to 36 months of age - From UpToDate.

Group A streptococcal (Streptococcus pyogenes) bacteremia - From UpToDate.

Impetigo - Brief explanation plus picture. From University of Utah.

Impetigo – infectious - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Infection due to coagulase-negative staphylococci: Epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis - From UpToDate.

Infection due to coagulase-negative staphylococci: Treatment - From UpToDate.

Infections in immunocompromised patients - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Infectious diseases fact sheets from WHO - Repository of written info and guidelines from WHO.

Mastoiditis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Meningitis guideline - From Royal Children's Hospital of Melbourne.

Meningitis – Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Meningococcal septicemia - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Necrotizing fasciitis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial disseminated infections and bacteremia in children - From UpToDate.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children - From UpToDate.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections in children - From UpToDate.

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections in children - From UpToDate.

Osteomyelitis: Clinical features and complications - From UpToDate.

Osteomyelitis: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbiology - From UpToDate.

Osteomyelitis: Evaluation and diagnosis - From UpToDate.

Osteomyelitis: Management - From UpToDate.

Otitis media with effusion - Care guidelines and algorithm for management of otitis media with effusion in pdf format for printing out. From Cincinatti Children's Hospital. Please note with this as with all other links to guidelines and algorithms from other countries, that there may be variations in epidemiology and management traditions. Please refer to your lecture notes and to local guidelines for such specifics.

Peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess - From UpToDate.

Pneumonia - Care guidelines and algorithm for management of community aquired pneumonia. From Cincinatti Children's Hospital. Please note with this as with all other links to guidelines and algorithms from other countries, that there may be variations in epidemiology and management traditions, such as e.g. the choice of antibiotics. Please refer to your lecture notes and to local guidelines for such specifics.

Pneumonia - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Scarlet fever ('Scarlatina') - series of pictures

Scarlet fever - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Septicemia of unknown cause/origin and toxic shock syndrome - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Sinusitis – acute - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Epidemiology and clinical features - From UpToDate.

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Management and outcome - From UpToDate.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Strep throat - Well illustrated interactive site. From Otolaryngology, Houston, USA.

Tonsillitis – acute (« strep throat ») - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Tuberculosis – From UpToDate.

Tuberculosis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only

Whooping cough (pertussis) - Text only, but very extensive information from Centers for Disease Control, USA.

Whooping cough (Pertussis) - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Viral infections

Acute bronchiolitis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Chickenpox - picture - Typical skin eruptions of chickenpox in a boy.

Cytomegalovirus infection - congenital - Text and a series of pictures from Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Blueberry muffin spots in congenital CMV

Eczema herpeticum - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Encephalitis, acute viral - Clinical manifestations and diagnosis - From UpToDate.

Encephalitis, acute viral - Pathogenesis, incidence, and etiology - From UpToDate.

Encephalitis, acute viral - Treatment and prevention - From UpToDate.

Erythema infectiosum ('Fifth disease') - picture of rash - More pictures of fifth disease rash

Erythema multiforme - Short text with pictures. From DermNet, New Zealand.

Exanthema subitum ('Sixth disease') - picture of rash

Gastroenteritis - Care guidelines and algorithm for management of acute gastroenteritis. From Cincinatti Children's Hospital. Please note with this as with all other links to guidelines and algorithms from other countries, that there may be variations in epidemiology and management traditions. Please refer to your lecture notes and to local guidelines for such specifics.

Gastroenteritis and dehydration - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Hepatitis (general) - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Hepatitis A - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Hepatitis B - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Hepatitis B, on the virus and pathogenesis of infection - From UpToDate.

Hepatitis B, management in children and adolescents - From UpToDate.

Hepatitis C - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Hepatitis C - From UpToDate.

Hepatitis in the newborn - From UpToDate.

HIV infection in children: Classification, clinical manifestations, and outcome - From UpToDate.

HIV infection in children: Epidemiology - From UpToDate.

HIV infection in adolescents - From UpToDate.

HIV infection in children: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission in resource-limited settings - From UpToDate.

HIV/AIDS - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Influenza in children - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Influenza, epidemiology of - From UpToDate.

Influenza in children: Clinical features and diagnosis - From UpToDate.

Influenza in children: Prevention and treatment with antiviral drugs - From UpToDate.

Influenza in children: Prevention with vaccines - From UpToDate.

Measles: Epidemiology and transmission - From UpToDate.

Measles: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention - From UpToDate.

Measles - picture - Picture of child with typical measles rash.

Molluscum contagiosum - pictures - From University of Utah. - Molluscum contagiosum - More pictures plus some text. From DermNet New Zealand. - Molluscum contagiosum - Pictures and text from MedlinePlus Medical encyclopedia.

Mononucleosis - From UpToDate.

Mononucleosis - From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Mononucleosis - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Mononucleosis– A 5 min animated minilecture, useful for a quick overview.

Scarlet fever ('Scarlatina') - series of pictures

Varicella - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Viral meningitis, encephalitis, and acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (ADEM)Laboratory testing in suspected infections - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Antibiotics in infectious disease

Antibiotics, choice of in primary care - Guideline from the Norwegian Health Directorate. In Norwegian only.

Antibiotics, choice of in hospitals - Guideline from the Norwegian Health Directorate. In Norwegian only.

BNF for children - Guidance on the actions and uses of drugs prescribed in the UK for children. This link may or may not work if you try to connect from a computer which is not identified as Norwegian, as Norwegian health authorities pay for linkage for Norwegian health care workers to this resource. If you find that it doesn’t work for you, please let us know so that we may amend this text.

Guidelines for antibiotics relative to diagnoses - From Royal Children's Hospital of Melbourne. Be aware that specific choices/recommendations re antibiotics may vary between countries, reflecting both therapeutic traditions and resistance patterns.

Laboratory testing in suspected infections

Blood cultures - From UpToDate.

Diagnostic testing for HIV infection in infants and children younger than 18 months - From UpToDate.

Microbiological testing - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Microbiology - Interactive microbiology site from University of South Carolina, USA. Parts also available in Spanish and Portugues.

Uncertain/unidentified etiologies

Lymphadenitis/lymphadenopathies - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Lympadenopathy (peripheral), etiology - From UpToDate.

Lympadenopathy (peripheral), evaluation and diagnosis - From UpToDate.

Fever– check chapter on “Common clinical findings”.

Gastrointestinal infections, contagious - Handbook type text, from the online handbooks of the Norwegian Pediatric Association, in Norwegian only.

Information for parents and children

Impetigo - Information handout from the Norwegian Pediatric Association. In Norwegian only.

Information sheet for parents on acute bronchiolitis - From Royal Children's Hospital of Melbourne.

Molluscum contagiosum - Information pamphlet.

Septic arthritis – the basics - From UpToDate.

Strep throat - Interactive information site. From Mayo Clinic, USA.

Vaccines/immunizations

You will find this information in the chapter on preventive health care. - You will find this information in the chapter on preventive health care.