The kidneys are of vital importance in three different ways:
- Secretion of metabolic waste and toxins
- Regulating the body's water, electrolyte and acid/base balance
- Producing and activating hormones involved in the production of erythrocytes, Ca++ metabolism, and regulation of blood pressure and blood volume.
For students in the early years, central topics in the sciences are presented. Later in the studies, it is recommended to approach the topics through clinical cases that demonstrate the central pathophysiological principles you meet in the clinical setting.
The kidney's structure, function and clinic are divided into the following main areas:
- Glomeruli and blood vessels
- Renal tubules and interstitium