The metaplasia is seen in the middle of this image and is represented by columnar (gland) epithelium that has turned into areas of squamous epithelium.

Question 1: Define metaplasia (any organ)?

- it's the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another mature differentiated cell type.

Question 2: Name at least two other examples of metaplasia in other organs and their cause:

a) Oesophagus:
- replacement of squamous epithelium by columnar epithelium because of gastro-esophageal reflux

b) The bladder
- replacement of transitional epithelium by squamous epithelium caused by bladder stone

c) Airways:
- replacement of Columnar epithelium with Squamous epithelium caused by Cigarette smoke